A pinguecula is a type of conjunctival degeneration in the eye. It is extremely common and is seen as a yellow-white deposit on the conjunctiva adjacent to the limbus (the junction between the cornea and sclera). It is to be distinguished from pterygium clinically, which is a wedge shaped area of fibrosis, that appears to grow into the cornea. It is most prevalent in tropical climates and is in direct correlation with UV exposure.
Histologically it shows degeneration of the collagen fibres of the conjunctival stroma with thinning of the overlying epithelium and occasional calcification.
They may enlarge slowly but is a benign condition requiring no treatment. If cosmesis is a concern surgical excision is sometimes done.
A pinguecula is one of the differential diagnoses for a limbal nodule.
See also
v • d • e Pathology of the eye (primarily H00-H59, 360-379) |
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| Eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit | eyelid: inflammation (Stye, Chalazion, Blepharitis) - Entropion - Ectropion - Lagophthalmos - Blepharochalasis - Ptosis - Blepharophimosis - Xanthelasma - Trichiasis
lacrimal system: Dacryoadenitis - Epiphora - Dacryocystitis
orbit: Exophthalmos - Enophthalmos |
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| Conjunctiva | Conjunctivitis - Pterygium - Pinguecula - Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
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| Sclera and cornea | Scleritis - Keratitis - Corneal ulcer - Snow blindness - Thygeson\'s superficial punctate keratopathy - Fuchs\' dystrophy - Keratoconus - Keratoconjunctivitis sicca - Arc eye - Keratoconjunctivitis - Corneal neovascularization - Kayser-Fleischer ring - Arcus senilis - Band keratopathy |
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| Iris and ciliary body | Iritis - Uveitis - Iridocyclitis - Hyphema - Persistent pupillary membrane - Iridodialysis - Synechia |
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| Lens | Cataract - Aphakia - Ectopia lentis |
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| Choroid and retina | Retinitis - Chorioretinitis - Choroideremia - Retinal detachment - Retinoschisis - Retinopathy (Hypertensive retinopathy, Coats disease, Diabetic retinopathy, Retinopathy of prematurity) - Macular degeneration - Retinitis pigmentosa - Retinal haemorrhage - Central serous retinopathy - Macular edema - Epiretinal membrane - Macular pucker |
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| Optic nerve and visual pathways | Optic neuritis - Papilledema - Optic atrophy - Leber\'s hereditary optic neuropathy |
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Ocular muscles,
binocular movement,
accommodation and refraction | Paralytic strabismus: Ophthalmoparesis - Progressive external ophthalmoplegia - Palsy (III, IV, VI) - Kearns-Sayre syndrome
Other strabismus: Esotropia/Exotropia - Hypertropia - Heterophoria (Esophoria, Exophoria) - Brown\'s syndrome - Duane syndrome
Other binocular: Conjugate gaze palsy - Convergence insufficiency - Internuclear ophthalmoplegia - One and a half syndrome
Refractive error: Hyperopia/Myopia - Astigmatism - Anisometropia/Aniseikonia - Presbyopia |
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| Visual disturbances and blindness | Amblyopia - Leber\'s congenital amaurosis - Subjective (Asthenopia, Hemeralopia, Photophobia, Scintillating scotoma) - Diplopia - Scotoma - Anopsia (Binasal hemianopsia, Bitemporal hemianopsia, Homonymous hemianopsia, Quadrantanopia) - Color blindness (Achromatopsia) - Nyctalopia (Oguchi disease) - Blindness/Low vision |
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| Pupil | Anisocoria - Argyll Robertson pupil - Marcus Gunn pupil/Marcus Gunn phenomenon - Adie syndrome |
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| Infectious diseases | Trachoma - Onchocerciasis |
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| Other | Nystagmus - Miosis - Mydriasis - Glaucoma - Ocular hypertension - Floater - Leber\'s hereditary optic neuropathy - Red eye - Keratomycosis - Xerophthalmia - Aniridia |
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| See also congenital |
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from Wikipedia
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